![]() ![]() Furthermore it is clearly seen that the equivalent circuit modeling offers considerable advantages with respect to computation speed and also leads to improved physical insights regarding the coupling between HPEM field excitation and nonlinearly loaded loop antenna. It is the main result that in this way full-wave simulation results can be reproduced. Combining both parts, appropriate circuit models are obtained and analyzed by means of a standard SPICE circuit simulator. The modeling of the nonlinear circuit part requires realistic circuit models of the nonlinear loads that are given by Schottky diodes. The linear circuit part can be determined by standard methods of antenna theory and numerical field computation. For the circuit modeling the general strategy to characterize the nonlinearly loaded antenna by a linear and a nonlinear circuit part is pursued. In this paper the equivalent circuit modeling of a nonlinearly loaded loop antenna and its transient responses to HPEM field excitations are investigated. Kotzev, Miroslav Bi, Xiaotang Kreitlow, Matthias Gronwald, Frank You can Set Marker on the Graph, using the button M1 (alias Marker1).Equivalent circuit simulation of HPEM-induced transient responses at nonlinear loads Running the simulation we have this results, as expected. So the condensator will be charged after ~ 3*τ 1=0.9 ms and completely discarged after ~ 3*τ 2=3 ms. From theory we know that τ, the time characteristics of the circuit are τ 1=R1//R2*C3=0.3 ms and τ 2=R2*C=1 ms, before and after the circuit switch. The conditions at time t=0 are Vc3=0 and switch closed. Suppose to analize the transient of the RC circuit in figure. With the theory of electrical linear circuits we can mathematically study the signals in the circuits and Transient evolutions, however are more interesting when the circuit has reactive components as capacitances or inductances, and some switches that open/close at certain time. The cartesian diagram reports the evolution in time (x-axis) of the Vout (y-axis), a typical sinusoid the cycles around the value 1 V (DC output). The tabular diagram reports two DC results, Vout and the current I measured by the instrument. When done the output should be like something: Edit their properties, selecting the Vout, and I you want visualize. From the diagrams category drag and drop tabular and cartesian. Edit the transient editor properties, setting the start and stop properties and then start the simulation.Īt the end of the simulation, the Data display tab opens. ![]() Insert a dc and a transient simulator in the schematic. To insert the label Vout, select the button Wire-label.Īs the system is linear, applying the superposition principle, we have: To begin, create a schematic, for example like this:Įdit the component properties double clicking on them. Remeber to always insert the ground symbol. Edit its properties and run the simulation by clicking the Simulate button. Once the schematic is completed, you have to select the type of analysis, form the category simulations of the Component view: drag & drop the type on the schematic. To exit from wire-mode de-select the wire button or activate select mode, clicking on the Select button. Position and click the mouse on the red circle terminal, and complete the connection: a dashed line previews the connection. To connect the elements, click on the Wire button, which transforms the mouse punctator in two perpendicular lines. To edit the element properties double click on it or select the context menu. Here you can Rotate the elements and the associated labels, using the context-menu (right clicking on the element) or the buttons at top window, for better placing. ![]() So if you work in the G-Hz range or in the u-wave sector, select Trasmission-Lines.ĭrag and drop the components in the Schematic area. If you need a DC Voltage source, select source a Resistor, Capacitor or Inductance, lumped components a diode or a transistor non-linear components. In the Components view, you can navigate between various categories, selecting the drop-down list at the top of its window. ![]() The other section, on the left, has three visualizations mode: Components, Contents and Projects. The main section is an area that houses Schematic (design window) where you place your electrical components, and Data Display (simulation window), where you visualize the analytical results. Qucs presents a window subdivided in two sections. Launch Qucs: Applications -> Electronics -> Qucs. ![]()
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